LoRa Configuration

The LoRaLoRaA low-power, long-range wireless communication technology used by Meshtastic devices to enable communication over distances of several kilometers without the need for cellular, Wi-Fi, or other traditional network infrastructures. config options are: Region, Use Preset, Modem PresetModem PresetThe tradeoff between range and speed for LoRa transmissions. Each preset sets the bandwidth, spreading factor, and coding rate, and nodes need the same preset to hear each other., Max Hops, Transmit Power, Bandwidth, Spread Factor, Coding Rate, Frequency Offset, Transmit Enabled, Frequency SlotFrequency SlotThe numbered frequency within a region's band that a node transmits on. Nodes must use the same frequency slot to hear each other. When it's left at 0, most regions pick the slot from a hash of the primary channel's name., Ignore Incoming Array, Ignore MQTTMQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport). A lightweight messaging protocol designed for small sensors and mobile devices, enabling efficient data transmission in the Meshtastic network for Internet connectivity and integration with IoT platforms. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MQTT. In Meshtastic, MQTT is used to connect a node to the internet, and can be used to connect multiple meshes to each other., Override Duty Cycle Limit, SX126x RXRX (Receive). The receiving of data over the radio link. Boosted Gain, Override Frequency, and PA Fan Disabled. LoRaLoRaA low-power, long-range wireless communication technology used by Meshtastic devices to enable communication over distances of several kilometers without the need for cellular, Wi-Fi, or other traditional network infrastructures. config uses an admin message sending a Config.LoRa protobufProtobuf (Protocol Buffers). A method developed by Google for serializing structured data, used in Meshtastic for efficient communication protocol between devices..

note

In order to communicate fully, devices within a mesh must have identical settings for Region and Modem PresetModem PresetThe tradeoff between range and speed for LoRa transmissions. Each preset sets the bandwidth, spreading factor, and coding rate, and nodes need the same preset to hear each other., or identical custom Modem settings.

LoRa Config Values

note

You must set your device's lora.region setting. This will ensure that you are operating within the legal limits for your area.

Region

Sets the region for your node. Default is unset. As long as this is not set, the node screen will display a message and not transmit any packets.

Region Code	Description	Frequency Range (MHzMHz (Megahertz). A unit of frequency equal to one million hertz (cycles per second), used to specify the operating frequency of LoRa devices in the Meshtastic network, affecting range and data rate.)	Duty Cycle (%)	Power Limit (dBm)
UNSET	Unset	N/A	N/A	N/A
US	United States	902.0 - 928.0	100	30
EU_433	European Union 433 MHzMHz (Megahertz). A unit of frequency equal to one million hertz (cycles per second), used to specify the operating frequency of LoRa devices in the Meshtastic network, affecting range and data rate.	433.0 - 434.0	10	10
EU_868	European Union 868 MHzMHz (Megahertz). A unit of frequency equal to one million hertz (cycles per second), used to specify the operating frequency of LoRa devices in the Meshtastic network, affecting range and data rate.	869.4 - 869.65	10	27
EU_866	European Union 866 MHzMHz (Megahertz). A unit of frequency equal to one million hertz (cycles per second), used to specify the operating frequency of LoRa devices in the Meshtastic network, affecting range and data rate.	865.6 - 867.6	2.5 / 10	27
EU_N_868	European Union 868 MHzMHz (Megahertz). A unit of frequency equal to one million hertz (cycles per second), used to specify the operating frequency of LoRa devices in the Meshtastic network, affecting range and data rate. (Narrow)	869.4 - 869.65	10	27
CN	China	470.0 - 510.0	100	19
JP	Japan	920.5 - 923.5	100	13
ANZ	Australia & New Zealand	915.0 - 928.0	100	30
ANZ_433	Australia & New Zealand	433.05 - 434.79	100	14
KR	Korea	920.0 - 923.0	100	23
TW	Taiwan	920.0 - 925.0	100	27
RU	Russia	868.7 - 869.2	100	20
IN	India	865.0 - 867.0	100	30
NZ_865	New Zealand 865 MHzMHz (Megahertz). A unit of frequency equal to one million hertz (cycles per second), used to specify the operating frequency of LoRa devices in the Meshtastic network, affecting range and data rate.	864.0 - 868.0	100	36
TH	Thailand	920.0 - 925.0	10	27
UA_433	Ukraine 433 MHzMHz (Megahertz). A unit of frequency equal to one million hertz (cycles per second), used to specify the operating frequency of LoRa devices in the Meshtastic network, affecting range and data rate.	433.0 - 434.7	10	10
MY_433	Malaysia 433 MHzMHz (Megahertz). A unit of frequency equal to one million hertz (cycles per second), used to specify the operating frequency of LoRa devices in the Meshtastic network, affecting range and data rate.	433.0 - 435.0	100	20
MY_919	Malaysia 919 MHzMHz (Megahertz). A unit of frequency equal to one million hertz (cycles per second), used to specify the operating frequency of LoRa devices in the Meshtastic network, affecting range and data rate.	919.0 - 924.0	100	27
SG_923	Singapore 923 MHzMHz (Megahertz). A unit of frequency equal to one million hertz (cycles per second), used to specify the operating frequency of LoRa devices in the Meshtastic network, affecting range and data rate.	917.0 - 925.0	100	20
KZ_433	Kazakhstan 433 MHzMHz (Megahertz). A unit of frequency equal to one million hertz (cycles per second), used to specify the operating frequency of LoRa devices in the Meshtastic network, affecting range and data rate.	433.075 - 434.775	100	10
KZ_863	Kazakhstan 863 MHzMHz (Megahertz). A unit of frequency equal to one million hertz (cycles per second), used to specify the operating frequency of LoRa devices in the Meshtastic network, affecting range and data rate.	863.0 - 868.0	100	30
BR_902	Brazil 902 MHzMHz (Megahertz). A unit of frequency equal to one million hertz (cycles per second), used to specify the operating frequency of LoRa devices in the Meshtastic network, affecting range and data rate.	902.0 - 907.5	100	30
PH_433	Philippines 433 MHzMHz (Megahertz). A unit of frequency equal to one million hertz (cycles per second), used to specify the operating frequency of LoRa devices in the Meshtastic network, affecting range and data rate.	433.0 - 434.7	100	10
PH_868	Philippines 868 MHzMHz (Megahertz). A unit of frequency equal to one million hertz (cycles per second), used to specify the operating frequency of LoRa devices in the Meshtastic network, affecting range and data rate.	868.0 - 869.4	100	14
PH_915	Philippines 915 MHzMHz (Megahertz). A unit of frequency equal to one million hertz (cycles per second), used to specify the operating frequency of LoRa devices in the Meshtastic network, affecting range and data rate.	915.0 - 918.0	100	24
NP_865	Nepal 865 MHzMHz (Megahertz). A unit of frequency equal to one million hertz (cycles per second), used to specify the operating frequency of LoRa devices in the Meshtastic network, affecting range and data rate.	865.0 - 868.0	100	30
ITU1_2M	ITU Region 1 Amateur 2m	144.0 - 146.0	100	30
ITU2_2M	ITU Region 2 Amateur 2m	144.0 - 148.0	100	30
ITU3_2M	ITU Region 3 Amateur 2m	144.0 - 148.0	100	30
ITU2_125CM	ITU Region 2 Amateur 1.25m	220.0 - 225.0	100	30
ITU1_70CM	ITU Region 1 Amateur 70cm	430.0 - 440.0	100	30
ITU2_70CM	ITU Region 2 Amateur 70cm	420.0 - 450.0	100	30
ITU3_70CM	ITU Region 3 Amateur 70cm	430.0 - 450.0	100	30
LORA_24	2.4 GHz band worldwide	2400.0 - 2483.5	100	10

EU_433 and EU_868 are limited to a 10% duty cycle, calculated every minute over a rolling hour. A node that reaches the limit stops transmitting until it's allowed again. EU_866 is limited to 2.5%, or 10% for a node in the ROUTER or ROUTER_LATE role.

EU_868, EU_866, and EU_N_868 cover the same European band with different channel plans, and each accepts only its own presets. Selecting a preset that belongs to one of the others switches the region to it.

The ITU1_*, ITU2_*, and ITU3_* regions are amateur radio allocations and can only be selected in licensed mode. Do not use them without an amateur radio license. Review the privileges and restrictions of operating under an amateur license first: encryption is not permitted, and you must transmit your call sign.

The listed power limit is the ceiling the firmware applies, not your national limit. Some countries do not allocate the full range shown, for example 220–222 MHzMHz (Megahertz). A unit of frequency equal to one million hertz (cycles per second), used to specify the operating frequency of LoRa devices in the Meshtastic network, affecting range and data rate. in the USA and Canada. Check your national band plan before transmitting.

Use Preset

When enabled, the Modem Preset fields will be adhered to, else the Bandwidth/Spread Factor/Coding Rate will be taken from their respective manually defined fields.

Modem Preset

Default is unset which equates to LONG_FAST. Presets are pre-defined modem settings (Bandwidth, Spread Factor, and Coding Rate) which influence both message speed and range. The default will provide a strong mixture of speed and range, for most users.

Nodes only hear each other when they share a preset, and where the primary channelPrimary ChannelThe channel used for a node's default traffic and its name in the mesh. It's channel 0, and its name helps set the node's frequency slot. name is unchanged the preset also determines the frequency slotFrequency SlotThe numbered frequency within a region's band that a node transmits on. Nodes must use the same frequency slot to hear each other. When it's left at 0, most regions pick the slot from a hash of the primary channel's name.. Joining your local mesh covers how to find the preset in use near you.

A US node whose region is first set from its own screen starts on LONG_TURBO instead. LONG_TURBO and LONG_FAST nodes can't hear each other, so set the preset to LONG_FAST to join a mesh that uses it.

The presets are designed to provide further options for optimizing either speed (and reduced network congestion) or range, which can be useful for two real world scenarios:

1. A high number of devices exist in the mesh, or messages are sent very frequently. Faster speeds (and therefore lower radio time per device) can help with mesh network congestion.
2. Maximum range is desired, for long range scenarios where a several second delay in message receipt is acceptable (for instance, attempting to send messages from a town to a distant mountain top).

Not every preset is legal in every band. The node accepts only the presets permitted in the selected Region, and tells connected clients which presets each region allows. A preset the region doesn't permit is replaced with the region's default. When the change comes from remote administration, the whole change is rejected instead.

The general-purpose presets are as follows, and follow a linear pattern of Fastest <--> Slowest, and Shortest <--> Longest range:

1. SHORT_TURBO (Fastest, highest bandwidth, lowest airtime, shortest range. It is not legal to use in all regions due to its 500 kHz bandwidth.)

2. SHORT_FAST

3. SHORT_SLOW

4. MEDIUM_TURBO (500 kHz bandwidth, so it carries the same regional restriction as SHORT_TURBO.)

5. MEDIUM_FAST

6. MEDIUM_SLOW

7. LONG_TURBO (Performs similarly to LONG_FAST, but with 500 kHz bandwidth.)

8. LONG_FAST (Default)

9. LONG_MODERATE

EU_868 offers this list without the three Turbo presets, as 500 kHz bandwidth is not permitted in the 869.4 - 869.65 MHzMHz (Megahertz). A unit of frequency equal to one million hertz (cycles per second), used to specify the operating frequency of LoRa devices in the Meshtastic network, affecting range and data rate. band.

Narrowband presets

Three narrowband preset families serve bands that can't accommodate the general-purpose presets. Each family is exclusive to its regions and can't be selected anywhere else:

Presets	Bandwidth	Available in	Default
LITE_FAST, LITE_SLOW	125 kHz	EU_866	LITE_FAST
NARROW_FAST, NARROW_SLOW	62.5 kHz	EU_N_868, ITU1_70CM, ITU2_70CM, ITU3_70CM, ITU2_125CM	NARROW_SLOW
TINY_FAST, TINY_SLOW	15.6 kHz	ITU1_2M, ITU2_2M, ITU3_2M	TINY_FAST

See Narrowband presets for their data rates and link budgets.

EU_868, EU_866, and EU_N_868 share the same regulatory domain, so selecting a Lite or Narrow preset while the region is EU_868 switches the region to EU_866 or EU_N_868 respectively. Selecting a general-purpose preset that EU_868 allows switches it back. The Turbo presets aren't allowed in any of the three.

The Tiny presets transmit in only 15.6 kHz of bandwidth, so they require a TCXO with a tolerance of ±5 ppm or better. They work only with SX127x and SX126x radios.

Max Hops

Maximum number of hops. This can't be greater than 7. Default is 3 which should be fine for most applications. Really, 3 is fine.

Transmit Power

If zero, then use default max legal continuous power (i.e. something that won't burn out the radio hardware)

In most cases you should use zero here. Units are in dBm.

Bandwidth

Certain bandwidth numbers are 'special' and will be converted by the device firmware to the appropriate floating point value:

Special Value	Interpreted As
8	7.8 kHz
10	10.4 kHz
16	15.6 kHz
21	20.8 kHz
31	31.25 kHz
42	41.7 kHz
62	62.5 kHz
200	203.125 kHz
400	406.25 kHz
800	812.5 kHz
1600	1625.0 kHz

Any other value is used as-is, in kHz.

Please be aware that values < 62.5 kHz may require a TCXO on some hardware devices. The TINY_FAST and TINY_SLOW presets use 16 (15.6 kHz) and require one with a tolerance of ±5 ppm or better.

Spread Factor

A number from 5 to 12. Indicates the number of chirps per symbol as 1[<<]spread_factor.

Older LoRaLoRaA low-power, long-range wireless communication technology used by Meshtastic devices to enable communication over distances of several kilometers without the need for cellular, Wi-Fi, or other traditional network infrastructures. chips like (SX127x / RF95) only support spreading factors 7 to 12.

Coding Rate

The denominator of the coding rate. ie for 4/5, the value is 5. 4/8 the value is 8.

Frequency Offset

This parameter is for advanced users with advanced test equipment, we do not recommend most users use it.

A frequency offset that is added to the calculated band center frequency. Used to correct for crystal calibration errors.

Transmit Enabled

Allows you to enable and disable transmit (TXTX (Transmit). The transmitting of data over the radio link.) from the LoRaLoRaA low-power, long-range wireless communication technology used by Meshtastic devices to enable communication over distances of several kilometers without the need for cellular, Wi-Fi, or other traditional network infrastructures. radio. Useful for hot-swapping antennas and other tests.

Defaults to true

Frequency Slot

This setting controls the actual hardware frequency at which the radio transmits, represented by a frequency slotFrequency SlotThe numbered frequency within a region's band that a node transmits on. Nodes must use the same frequency slot to hear each other. When it's left at 0, most regions pick the slot from a hash of the primary channel's name. between 1 and NUM_SLOTS (the maximum for the current region and modem presetModem PresetThe tradeoff between range and speed for LoRa transmissions. Each preset sets the bandwidth, spreading factor, and coding rate, and nodes need the same preset to hear each other.). If set to 0/UNSET, the device reverts to the older channel name hash-based algorithm for determining the frequency slotFrequency SlotThe numbered frequency within a region's band that a node transmits on. Nodes must use the same frequency slot to hear each other. When it's left at 0, most regions pick the slot from a hash of the primary channel's name..

Ignore Incoming Array

For testing it is useful sometimes to force a node to never listen to particular other nodes (simulating radio out of range). All nodenums listed in the ignore_incoming array will have packets they send dropped on receive (by router.cpp)

note

This option is deprecated in the client apps. To ignore nodes, long-press on (or click for web client) a node and mark it as ignored. This acts the same as the ignore list (blocking packets from the ignore node from being received or relayed), with the added benefit of being able to ignore more than three nodes.

Ignore MQTT

Setting this to option to 'true' means the device will ignore any messages it receives via LoRaLoRaA low-power, long-range wireless communication technology used by Meshtastic devices to enable communication over distances of several kilometers without the need for cellular, Wi-Fi, or other traditional network infrastructures. that came via MQTTMQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport). A lightweight messaging protocol designed for small sensors and mobile devices, enabling efficient data transmission in the Meshtastic network for Internet connectivity and integration with IoT platforms. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MQTT. In Meshtastic, MQTT is used to connect a node to the internet, and can be used to connect multiple meshes to each other. somewhere along the path towards the device. Note this only works when your device and the MQTTMQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport). A lightweight messaging protocol designed for small sensors and mobile devices, enabling efficient data transmission in the Meshtastic network for Internet connectivity and integration with IoT platforms. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MQTT. In Meshtastic, MQTT is used to connect a node to the internet, and can be used to connect multiple meshes to each other. node are running at least firmware version 2.2.19.

OK to MQTT

Acceptable values: true, false

Default is false. When set to true, this configuration indicates that the user approves their packets to be uplinked to MQTTMQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport). A lightweight messaging protocol designed for small sensors and mobile devices, enabling efficient data transmission in the Meshtastic network for Internet connectivity and integration with IoT platforms. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MQTT. In Meshtastic, MQTT is used to connect a node to the internet, and can be used to connect multiple meshes to each other. brokers. If set to false, nodes receiving your packets are requested not to forward packets to MQTTMQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport). A lightweight messaging protocol designed for small sensors and mobile devices, enabling efficient data transmission in the Meshtastic network for Internet connectivity and integration with IoT platforms. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MQTT. In Meshtastic, MQTT is used to connect a node to the internet, and can be used to connect multiple meshes to each other.. This configuration only applies to Channels configured with the defaultpsk and eventpsk keys set in the Meshtastic Firmware; Channels with custom keys ignore this setting.

Important: This is not a cryptographic solution but a polite request that is enforced in the official firmware.

Override Duty Cycle Limit

Setting this option to 'true' means the device will ignore the hourly duty cycle limit in Europe. This means that you might violate regulations if the device transmits too much. By default, this option is set to 'false,' which means the device will stop sending data when it reaches the hourly limit and will start again when it is allowed to do so.

SX126x RX Boosted Gain

This is an option specific to the SX126x chip series which allows the chip to consume a small amount of additional power to increase RXRX (Receive). The receiving of data over the radio link. sensitivity.

Override Frequency

This parameter is for advanced users and licensed HAM radio operators. When enabled, the channel calculation will be ignored, and the set frequency will be used instead (frequency_offset still applies). This will allow you to use out-of-band frequencies. Please respect your local laws and regulations. If you are a license HAM operator, make sure you enable HAM mode and turn off encryption.

PA Fan Disabled

If true, disable the built-in PA FAN using pin define in RF95_FAN_EN.

LoRa Config Client Availability

Android

Android

info

LoRa Config options are available on Android.

1. Open the Meshtastic App
2. Navigate to: Settings > LoRa

Apple

Apple

info

All LoRa config options are available on iOS, iPadOS and macOS at Settings > Radio Configuration > LoRa.

CLI

CLI

info

LoRa config commands are available in the python CLI. Example commands are below:

Setting	Acceptable Values	Default
lora.modem_preset	LONG_FAST, LONG_MODERATE, LONG_TURBO, MEDIUM_SLOW, MEDIUM_FAST, MEDIUM_TURBO, SHORT_SLOW, SHORT_FAST, SHORT_TURBO, LITE_FAST, LITE_SLOW, NARROW_FAST, NARROW_SLOW, TINY_FAST, TINY_SLOW (availability depends on the selected region)	LONG_FAST
lora.use_preset	false, true	true
lora.region	UNSET, US, EU_433, EU_868, EU_866, EU_N_868, CN, JP, ANZ, ANZ_433, KR, TW, RU ,IN, NZ_865, TH, LORA_24, UA_433, MY_433, MY_919, SG_923, KZ_433, KZ_863, BR_902, NP_865, PH_433, PH_868, PH_915, ITU1_2M, ITU2_2M, ITU3_2M, ITU2_125CM, ITU1_70CM, ITU2_70CM, ITU3_70CM	UNSET
lora.bandwidth	8, 10, 16, 21, 31, 42, 62, 125, 250, 500	250
lora.spread_factor	5 ,6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12	11
lora.coding_rate	4, 5, 6, 7, 8	5
lora.frequency_offset	0 to 1000000	0
lora.hop_limit	1,2,3,4,5,6,7	3
lora.tx_power	0 to 30	0
lora.tx_enabled	false, true	true
lora.channel_num	0, 1 to NUM_CHANNELS	0
lora.ignore_mqtt	false, true	false
lora.config_ok_to_mqtt	true, false	false
lora.override_duty_cycle	false, true	false
lora.sx126x_rx_boosted_gain	false, true	false
lora.override_frequency	Any supported frequency the LoRA radio is capable of. Please respect local rules and regulations	0

tip

LoRa settings apply without a reboot. To set several values at once, chain them in one command.

Example:

meshtastic --set lora.region US --set lora.modem_preset LONG_FAST

Set Modem Preset

meshtastic --set lora.modem_preset LONG_FAST
meshtastic --set lora.modem_preset MEDIUM_FAST

Set Region

meshtastic --set lora.region US
meshtastic --set lora.region EU_433

Set Hop Limit

meshtastic --set lora.hop_limit 2

Override Duty Cycle

meshtastic --set lora.override_duty_cycle true
meshtastic --set lora.override_duty_cycle false

Web

Web

info

All LoRa config options are available in the Web UI.